MINUTES

POLK COUNTY CHARTER REVIEW COMMISSION

OCTOBER 23, 2001

 

Chairman, Dan Costello, called the meeting of the Polk County Charter Review Commission to order at 6:00 p.m. on the 3rd floor conference room of the Citrus & Chemical Bank, Bartow. Commissioner Hunt led the prayer and Commissioner Strang led the Pledge of Allegiance.

 Ms. Swearengin called the roll. All Commissioners were present, with the exception of Commissioner Gernert who gave advance notification of his absence in accordance with the Commission’s Rules.

 The Chairman said he would like the record to show the Commission had a quorum. 

 The first order of business was for the approval of the Minutes for October 9, 2001.  There were no corrections.

 Commissioner Nunnallee made a motion to approve the minutes.  Commissioner Lindsey seconded the motion. 

 Chairman Costello asked if there was further discussion, there was none. The motion carried.

 Commissioner Strang said relative to the minutes he wanted to make a brief statement to the Commission.  He said it was good to be back at the Commission’s meetings, and he thanked the Chairman, the commissioners, and Ms. Swearengin for conducting orderly and logical meetings, and for publishing clear understandable minutes which were readable, and he said he didn’t feel as out-of-the-loop as he otherwise would have. 

He said the minutes of the October 9th meeting reflected the question of Commissioner Price as to the votes on the two local referenda on last November’s ballot, and a more precise answer to her question was that on the question of term limits for county commissioners, more than 74% of the voters voted in favor of term limits, while 73% voted for the proposal to reduce salaries of county commissioners.

Additionally, the minutes showed that Commissioner McLaughlin inquired about his votes on the Initial Discussion List items.  He said yes, they were public record, and he said he copied Ms. Swearengin when he e-mailed his votes to Kurt Spitzer.  He said he had an extra copy to share with Commissioner McLaughlin if he was still interested. 

He said regarding the Initial Discussion List as determined at the October 9th meeting, he was pleasantly surprised that some subjects made the cut, but it was distressing that so many subjects dear to so many people were not retained on the list, and what disturbed him even more was the fact that, apparently, all of the subjects proposed by incumbent officials, which he referred to as the “ruling class”, were included on the Initial Discussion List, while many subjects proposed by the citizenry were excluded.  He said in his opinion, it was particularly unseemly that so many of the successful issues concerned matters involving the perpetuation of political power and the personal pecuniary emoluments of members of the ruling class. 

He reminded the commission members that each of them was appointed to that Commission by an incumbent government official or, in the case of the constitutional officers, by a number of such officials, and therefore it was understandable that one might feel beholden to the individuals or the system, which placed them in their present prestigious position.  He said they might feel that they had a personal stake in pleasing the present incumbents, and they might be hesitant about disturbing the present status quo, and if they were  subject to those kinds of divided allegiances, he urged them to rise above those personal loyalties, and strike a blow for the people of Polk County. 

Chairman Costello thanked Commissioner Strang for his comments. 

Chairman Costello asked if anyone wanted to respond to Commissioner Strang’s statement?

Commissioner McLaughlin said the reason why he was interested in his e-mail tally was there was a tie vote regarding an elected county mayor or elected county chairperson, and if he chose the affirmative that perhaps might make a difference in subsequent voting should it come up later.

The Chairman said the Commission had before them a Charter Review Commission Budget Revision dated October 23, 2001, which was the budget that was approved on June 26, 2001. He determined that it was necessary to increase that budget by $3,711.53.  He said with respect to the other items on the budget, they felt they were fairly on track, and the revised budget would be $76,957.87, and he asked for their approval on that revision.

Commissioner Strang made a motion for the approval of the budget revision, and Commissioner Stoer seconded the motion.

The Chairman asked if there was further discussion?  There was no further discussion. The motion carried. 

The Chairman said he would be submitting a budget for the next six months beginning on January 01, 2002 at the first or second meeting in November, which would include the expenditures so far that year.

The Chairman said they were down to Kurt Spitzer’s report. 

Mr. Spitzer said he thought that the timeline was first on the Agenda, which had been provided to them, and it was similar to what was prepared as a draft timeline toward the beginning of their deliberations, and what he had done with the Chairman’s concurrence was to take those issues that were identified at their last meeting for inclusion in the Discussion Agenda and match them up with the balance of their meetings between then and April.  He said those issues were identified under the subject area and the numbers which they saw were the numbers that were tagged to those particular issues in the Discussion Matrix, which was passed out to them previously.  He said there were two or three meetings, which had been added to the original timeline, which was subject to their approval to allow them to finish by their April meeting date with some cushion.  He said January 22, 2002 and February 26, 2002, which were identified but with no actions were placed on those days, and if those additional days were needed they were there, and it they were not needed they would not have to use those days.  

He said he grouped the issues together that related to one another.  He said the first four issues related to the Legislative body of the county government and the county commission, and the next two issues were those, which related to the constitutional officers.  He said the constitutional officers in general was a broad subject and the second one was somewhat more specific, but there were a wide range of subtopics under constitutional officers, and there were two meetings which had been set aside for that subject matter.  The third grouping was ordinances by initiative and charter amendments, and there was an item on the Charter Review Commission; and finally there was the appointed Superintendent and the Government Efficiency Commission and there were two meetings set aside for any other issues that they might want to discuss.

He said the thought was after each grouping of issues was completed, they would actually take a vote as to what issues they wanted to move to the next stage, which would be perhaps the proposing of charter amendments and Mr. Watts would prepare the language for their review and consideration at a later date. 

The Chairman said he would like to add there were three Public Hearings scheduled on February 19, 2002, March 5, 2002, and March 19, 2002, and he reminded the Commission those Public Hearings were required by the Charter, and they must be at least ten days apart.  He said what he would like to do that evening was talk about that schedule and get some clear direction from the Commission. 

He said he thought the Public Hearings should probably be in three different cities, and his suggestion would be Lakeland, Bartow, and Winter Haven.  He asked the Commission to give them some guidance not only regarding the schedule, but where the Public Hearings should be held, and then they could make advance arrangements.  He said perhaps Commissioner Masters and Commissioner Strang might be able to give them some insight regarding how many people attended the Public Hearings of the first Charter. 

The Chairman said with respect to getting their preferences with respect to those issues, they could either take them as groups or do them separately. For example, after the Composition and Districting Scheme was thoroughly discussed he hoped each commissioner would have the opportunity to speak regarding those issues, and after that, if they felt ready at that point in time to do a “test vote” to determine whether or not there was a two thirds approval, and that wouldn’t mean that was the final vote, just as the “Initial” Discussion Agenda didn’t mean that was the final discussion agenda, and it could be revised either by taking things off or adding things to it.  He said if they preferred to vote after each issue, perhaps the consultants could get not only the draft language but any additional information that they might need on that particular item, and if there was clearly not much interest in a particular item and it was not going to garner near a two-thirds vote, in order to save consultants time, maybe they should move on to issues that were closer to the two-thirds threshold. 

He said the final thing that he wanted to add was that they were scheduled to make a report to the BCC and the deadline date was April 9th, but he asked Mr. Spitzer to move that to April 2nd, so that there was some flexibility because they didn’t want to violate the Charter which they were supposed to be revising. 

He said he hoped that all of the commissioners would be there to present that report. 

The Chairman said he was opening for discussion the proposed schedule.

Commissioner Moore Bailey said she was in agreement with the locations of Lakeland, Bartow and Winter Haven, and would offer a motion if it was appropriate at that time to have those three locations as the place for the Public Hearings.

The Chairman said Commissioner Moore Bailey moved to have Lakeland, Bartow, and Winter Haven as the cities where the Public Hearings would be held, and Commissioner McLaughlin seconded the motion.

The Chairman asked if there was further discussion? 

Commissioner Strang said that he liked the idea of Winter Haven and Lakeland, but he felt Bartow was the “belly of the beast”, and he wondered if they might not want to consider Lake Wales, the south half of the county, as a possible consideration. 

The Chairman said the Commission had an agreement on at least two cities with the possibility of substituting Lake Wales for Bartow. 

Commissioner Masters said perhaps an alternative to Bartow would be East Polk, and he had seen substantial growth in East Polk as they all had been reading about, and he felt it would be important to send a message up to those folks on the Ridge when fifty percent of the growth in the county was happening there in that area. 

Commissioner Price said she supported that thought especially since they had a lot of groups that came in who felt there was a lack of representation, specifically with regards to the Haines City Chamber of Commerce, and she felt that would be an opportunity for them to have input in their own back yard. 

Commissioner Strang asked if there was anyone from Haines City on the Commission?

The Chairman said no.  

Commissioner Strang said he thought that was an argument in favor of doing something up there. 

Commissioner Moore Bailey said she wanted to change her motion or have someone else amend it for her. 

Chairman Costello said that she could not change her motion because it was on the floor, and he suggested that they continue the discussion.

The Chairman asked if instead of having the meeting in Winter Haven was she suggesting having it in Haines City?

Commissioner Stoer said instead of Bartow.

The Chairman asked if it would still be Winter Haven, Haines City, and Lakeland?

The Commission said that was correct. 

The Chairman asked if there was further discussion?  There was no further discussion regarding that issue. 

The Chairman said the original motion needed to be amended, and it was for Winter Haven, Lakeland, and Bartow.  He said now it had been suggested that the meetings be held in Winter Haven, Lakeland, and Lake Wales, and Commissioner Strang was leaning towards Winter Haven, Lakeland, and Haines City. 

The Chairman asked if Commissioner Moore Bailey would like to offer a substitute motion? 

Commissioner Moore Bailey asked if she needed to make an amendment to her motion?

The Chairman said without objection her motion could be withdrawn. 

Commissioner Moore Bailey said that she would like to withdraw her motion, and restate it.  She said the final motion was to have the three Public Hearings in Lakeland, Winter Haven, and Haines City, and Commissioner Allen seconded the motion. 

The Chairman asked if there was further discussion?  There was no further discussion.  The motion carried. 

The Chairman said they would make arrangements for meeting sites in Haines City, Lakeland, and Winter Haven.  He said if anyone had any suggestions for possible meeting sites in those cities to please advise him.

The Chairman asked Commissioner Masters what kind of turnout they had at the previous Charter’s Public Hearings, more or less than one hundred?

Commissioner Masters said less than one hundred.    He said he thought at the City of Lakeland they had the largest gathering, but it was far below one hundred, and the public input that was received came primarily from the same groups.

Commissioner Lindsey asked Commissioner Masters where that Public Hearing was held at in Lakeland?

Commissioner Masters said it was off of Lake Morton in the Magnolia Building, and it was an excellent location. 

The Chairman asked if that was part of the Civic Center?

Commissioner Masters said no, it was between the parking garage and the shuffleboard courts. 

Commissioner Price said it was located by Hollis Gardens. 

Chairman Costello asked if that facility belonged to the City of Lakeland?

Commissioner Price said yes. 

Commissioner Stoer said that she had just had a reception there, and she didn’t believe they were booking there any longer. 

The Chairman asked in any event were there less than one hundred?

Commissioner Masters said absolutely. 

Mr. Spitzer said there were about fifty people there. 

Commissioner Lindsey said that he would suggest that they try City Hall in the respective cities.  He said the acoustics in the Magnolia Building were terrible, but he thought the respective cities would be willing to host the meeting. 

The Chairman said that some had aversions to the “beast”, and he asked if that was in the belly of another  “beast?”

 Commissioner Lindsey said that was a different beast. 

 The Chairman said that City Hall was another suggestion. 

Commissioner Masters said that he would like to make a motion that the Commission yield to the Chairman and the Administrative Assistant to line up locations for the Public Hearings. 

The Chairman said without objection, they would go ahead and do that.  There was no objection. 

The Chairman thanked the Commission for the guidance on the Public Hearings, and said he would like to go back to the issue of the  timeline.

Commissioner Strang said he understood the Chairman to say that he had conferred with Mr. Spitzer regarding the timeline issue, and the Chairman agreed with it?

Chairman Costello said yes in detail, and he agreed with the timeline. 

The Chairman said the disadvantage was that it deviated some from the second and fourth Tuesday format, but there was no way in avoiding that.  He said he thought with notice perhaps everyone could adjust his or her calendars accordingly. 

Commissioner Strang said he would like to move that the Commission adopt the timeline schedule proposed by the Chairman and Mr. Spitzer, and Commissioner Hunt seconded the motion.

Commissioner Price said she had some questions regarding the schedule.  She said she knew that the Commission had previously discussed not meeting in December, and she asked if that was correct?

The Chairman said that was correct. 

Commissioner Price said she noticed that the constitutional officers issue was split because of the depth of the subject matter, and that it would take two meetings to have that discussion.  She said she felt there were two ways to look at the issue that she was presenting, and one was from November 27, 2001 to January 8, 2002 would give them a lot of time to do research after the first discussion on November 27, 2001, but she felt that a lot of time could be lost during that six week period, and she felt it was a long span.  She said from a personal standpoint she would prefer to have that discussion closer together if they were going to split that issue between two meetings.  She asked if perhaps they might consider meeting once in December, so that they could be ahead rather than having the spare time, which made her uncomfortable, especially since she knew she would not be there on April 2, 2002, and she wanted to participate in that presentation. 

The Chairman said that originally a meeting was scheduled for December 11, 2001, and there was discussion regarding canceling that, and they agreed not to meet on Christmas for obvious reasons. 

Commissioner Price said her other question was that there was a blank on March 12, 2002, and she asked if that was left blank purposely, and if they weren’t going to meet that evening?

The Chairman said they had a Public Hearing the week before that, and because those meetings were two weeks apart they didn’t want to add another meeting in between, but if they needed to use that time they could.

Commissioner Price said if they felt as if the constitutional officers issue would take two meetings, she would like to see the meetings moved closer together.

The Chairman asked the Commission how they felt regarding Commissioner Price’s comments, and he clarified that would mean a meeting in December?

Mr. Spitzer said another solution might be to reverse the constitutional officers discussion with the ordinances by initiative and the remainder of that grouping which were only set for discussion for one evening, and that could occur on November 27, 2001, and then have the constitutional officer discussion on January 8, 2002 and January 15, 2002. 

The Chairman asked if that meet with everyone’s approval?

The Chairman said if there were an amendment to that effect they would move the items that were under January 15, 2002 to November 27, 2001, and then the items, which were under November 27, 2001 would be moved to January 8, 2002, and then the items which were under January 8, 2002 would be moved to January 15, 2002. 

The Chairman asked if there was an amendment to that effect? 

Commissioner Price moved to amend the original motion to move the January 15, 2002 schedule to November 27, 2001, and the November 27, 2001 schedule to January 8, 2002, and the January 8, 2002 schedule to January 15, 2002, and Commissioner Moore Bailey seconded the motion. 

Commissioner Strang asked Commissioner Price if that would solve her problem with April 2nd?

Commissioner Price answered no, but she felt the motion under consideration was more important. 

Chairman Costello asked if there was further discussion on the move to amend the main motion?  There was no further discussion.  The motion carried.

The Chairman asked in going back to the main motion as amended if there was further discussion?

Commissioner Masters asked if the Chairman could repeat the main motion?

The Chairman said the main motion was to approve the timeline as proposed with the amendment that the January 15, 2002 schedule would be moved to November 27, 2001, and the November 27, 2001 schedule would be moved to January 8, 2002, and the January 8, 2002 schedule would be moved to January 15, 2002. 

The Chairman asked if there was further discussion? 

Commissioner Masters asked Commissioner Strang or Mr. Spitzer if the previous Charter Review Commission used only one meeting to adopt final recommendations?

Mr. Spitzer said the final charter was adopted as proposed in one meeting, but he thought that it took two meetings to take final votes.   He said presently they had set aside two decision meetings, and then during the second meeting the Commission would adopt final recommendations. 

Commissioner Strang said the way he perceived the timeline was that it was not cast in stone, and he felt some situations might occur that could possibly require the Commission to alter the timeline slightly.  

The Chairman said yes, the principal landmark was to get the Public Hearings set, and then the timeline could be adjusted accordingly.  

The Chairman asked if there was further discussion on the main motion as amended?  There was no further discussion.  The motion carried.  A copy of the time line is attached to these minutes.

The Chairman asked Mr. Sptizer if had heard from Mr. Watts?

Mr. Spitzer said yes, he had heard from Mr. Watts’ office, and they said he would be approximately thirty to forty-five minutes late.

The Chairman said in that case, he would like to defer Mr. Watts’ report until later in the meeting, and he would like to precede to the Issues Agenda, Item 6A, BCC Composition and Districting.

The Chairman asked Mr. Spitzer to comment.

Mr. Spitzer said he thought that was a continuation of the discussion from the Commission’s last meeting.  He said he had no new information to provide to them.  He said that discussion centered on the number of county commissioners and the districting scheme.  He said Polk currently had five commissioners elected on an at-large basis and they were required to live in certain residence areas, but they were elected by all of the electors on a countywide basis, and that was what most counties had in Florida, but there were several different alternatives that were not restricted by general law.  Suggestions he thought that would be in the realm of possibilities for consideration in Polk County were: leaving the system completely unchanged; five commissioners elected at-large, changing that to five elected from single-member districts, and perhaps changing the number of county commissioners to seven county commissioners either elected at-large or from single-member districts or from a mixed districting scheme, such as Pinellas and Hillsborough where there were three commissioners elected on an at-large basis and four single-member districts. 

The Chairman asked if that could possibly be broken down, for example, one issue that they had heard about was the number of commissioners, and that could remain as five or it could go to something more than five, and there was no limit to the number that could be had theoretically?

Mr. Spitzer said that was correct, there were no limits, but when there were more than seven commissioners that typically would be tied to a more fundamental change in the structure of the government meaning it would be paired up with an elected mayor or a directly elected chair of the county commission, such as the one that existed in Orange County where there were six commissioners who were elected from single-member districts and then one chair who was directly elected by the voters countywide and that person was both a ceremonial and managerial pet of the government. 

The Chairman asked if the Commission would like to discuss the number of commissioners first?

Commissioner Lindsey said for the purpose of discussion, he would like to make a motion that they recommend the county commissioners be increased from five to seven, and Commissioner Moore Bailey seconded the motion. 

The Chairman clarified that they were not discussing anything concerning the districts, but were only discussing the number of commissioners. 

The Chairman asked that each commissioner, if they felt comfortable, to comment on that issue.

Discussion Item – Number of County Commissioners

Commissioner Price said that was an issue that she had struggled with individually, because she felt the impact was fairly large.  She said she had talked with many people and found there were many different attitudes and recommendations.  She said she had asked for research on some factual data where the number of commissioners had been moved from five to seven and she had seen what the impact of that was.  She said the most current impact that was had in Polk County was with the School Board, and she had spoken with many of those folks, and with some who were on the Board when it moved from five to seven members and with some who were not on the Board until it became a seven-member board.  She said she thought it was half of one and half of the other, and one of her concerns was that the number could be attached to either single-member or at-large and that issue was tied, and she would feel uncomfortable voting on just a number without knowing the rest of the story, but realizing that they could return to that issue and have further discussion.

She said another concern she had was that a couple of the School Board Members told her in their opinion, increasing the number of members on the Board did not improve anything, and all that it did was bring two more egos to the table, and she felt there was enough of that.  She said she looked forward to hearing their comments, because at that point, she was undecided.

Commissioner Moore Bailey said she was a woman of few words, and would say that she supported seven and move on from there. 

Commissioner Hunt said she did not support the move to seven, and she did not feel that it was fiscally responsible especially at this time, whether the current salaries were maintained as they were then or they were restored to what they were before.  She said she didn’t see where adding more commissioners would benefit the county, and financially she felt that it would become more of a burden, especially at that time.  She said she thought if they looked at how the School Board had conducted its business since its increase, they would see that it had not changed much there, and she was absolutely opposed to the increase. 

Commissioner Dukes said he was somewhat undecided, and at that point he was leaning more towards increasing the number to seven.  He said he was looking forward to hearing everyone’s comments relative to the pros and cons of that as well.

He said coming from the part of town from which he comes he was looking to increase representation in the county government and hopefully by increasing the number of commissioners to seven and looking at single-member districts, he felt that might be accomplished.  He said he wasn’t sure if seven was enough to accomplish that, and he was looking forward to further comments and input from the other commissioners.

Commissioner Stoer said she too was looking forward to the other commissioners’ comments.  She said she would need to be convinced more of the purpose of going from five to seven.  She said the two things she remembered which were discussed, was trying to help add a minority commissioner and the increase in the number of members helping in terms of voting, with 4-3 or 3-2, and if the salaries were increased it would increase that amount, and she looked forward to hearing further comments from others. 

Commissioner Nunnallee said at that point she was in support of going to seven, but her question would be the fiscal repercussions, because certainly two more salaries would need to be added as well as office space and logistics of that nature, and she wanted the Commission to be certain they considered it was not just a matter of bringing two more people, it was creating the available space, providing the necessary equipment, and all of the costs which would be necessary when bringing two more individuals into the Board.

Commissioner Lindsey said he thought moving to seven members was long overdue.  He said seven members would give the people greater and broader representation for the entire county.  He said fiscally he didn’t feel it would make a significant difference including the costs associated with that office.  He said part of what was said by the County Administrator, and he believed those feelings were echoed by the Chairman of the School Board, that with seven members even if one or two were likely to engage in a tangential issue the order of the business of the county could continue.  He said that didn’t stop the debate and it didn’t limit the debate and it didn’t stifle the debate, but it would allow the order of the business to continue.  He said that one forgets that government, in spite of all of its inefficiencies, was still the partner to enterprise to effect commerce throughout the community, and when there was gridlock in that process then sometimes that enterprise and that commerce were stymied. He said with the growth of the community, and what the people expected in the near future in spite of the temporary setbacks that had been had lately, he felt the bounce was going to be tremendous, and there was going to be a need to have more smarter people to help move the county beyond where it had been in the past.  He said it was time to stop being the butt of the jokes, and the redneck and the backward county that Polk was known to be, and it was time to be more progressive, and adopt the more progressive views, and give the structure that would allow the county to meet the challenge of the future instead of driving to the future looking in the rearview mirror.  He said he thought the whole process was a great opportunity to move the county light years ahead.  

Commissioner Masters said he met with Jim Keene on Friday and talked to him about some other issues and his opinion, and thanked him for coming and talking to the Commission.  He said his opinion of the Board was that it was a policy making board, and it does nothing but make policy or agree on policy, and the administration of the county was run by the County Manager.  He said he didn’t know if having two more board members would allow them to make policy more easily.  He said his concern was more wasn’t always better, but he was open-minded to the task.  He said he wanted the Commission to keep in mind that the County Commission was a policy making board, and it was not to do anything but vote on policy and they did not administer the county.   

He said the Commission had discussed having a strong County Manager or a County Manager that could possibly vote, and he thought that would be coming up in future discussions and perhaps in that one if they wanted to somehow make provisions for the County Manager to have some type of input to that policy making board. He said he was not opposed to the seven members, but he felt he needed to see the value. He said he knew there was tremendous growth in the eastern part of the county and those people should be represented effectively.  He said there was concern that there was not a minority vote on the Commission, and he felt they needed to consider that, and he reminded them that it was still a policy making board, and he wanted to ensure that the Commission did not lose sight that the board doesn’t do anything but agree with or approve policy, and he said he was open minded to discussing it, but with those concerns.

Commissioner McLaughlin said he echoed mostly George Lindsey’s comments, and he felt seven members would help smooth out some of the tension, and would allow for more reasonable debate.  He said one thing that they had discovered was that because of the Sunshine Laws they were no longer allowed to go and speak to persons one-on-one, and he felt that seven members would allow the consensus to better form, as it did often at their Commission meetings.  He said sometimes with five members it was sometimes whoever screamed the loudest who got the most votes, and he thought it would help with diversity, because now the county commission consisted of five white men.  He said the one reservation that he had about moving from five to seven members was regarding the issue of single-member districts.  He said he thought if they ended up with seven single-member districts that would not be good for the county and there would be a lot of fiefdoms, and no one would be looking out for the county’s interests.  If that were the case, he would prefer the existing structure.  He said if we could agree on a countywide vote for each county commissioner and if we could move it to seven there would be less tension, more reason to debate, and more effective policy making from the county commissioners. 

He said if there was one thing that the Commission had learned, it was that Polk was a very complicated county, and there were many issues that the county commissioners faced. Moving to seven would also allow for different leaders to develop with certain policy expertise.  He said there could be one commissioner that might be very familiar with budget issues, and one could be familiar with waste management, and one familiar with what have you, and he did favor moving to seven with the caveat being that if they had single-member districts he didn’t feel that would be helpful to the county.

Commissioner Strang said he agreed with Commissioner McLaughlin, and increasing the number in his opinion, would add a more leavening affect on the legislative process. He also agreed with Commissioner Lindsey and all of his arguments with the exception of the notion of county government as his partner.

Commissioner Allen said he was inclined to go with seven commissioners because it would be responsive to the increase in population, but also he echoed Commissioner McLaughlin’s ideas regarding not having single-member districts. 

Chairman Costello said back in 1970 when he moved to Polk County, the population was slightly under 300,000, maybe 280,000 people.  He said he realized that Polk County was not districted now, but as a matter of fact, from his experience as a county commissioner, one spent more time in the districts in which they resided, and he felt in a sense there was districting.  He said it was not legal and everybody could vote for everybody else, but the fact of the matter was that one spent more time in his or her particular district, so that when one divided five into 300,000 each commissioner had about 60,000 people that he or she was representing.  With a population of 500,000 each commissioner now had about 100,000, and if we expanded to seven commissioners that would bring the total per commissioner to about 70,000. 

He said he thought that one of the most important responsibilities of a county commissioner in addition to leading, and he thought that the county was very short in that skill, was to respond to constituents’ letters and phone calls, and he made a practice of doing that within 24 hours for both phone calls and letters.  He said considering the fact there were 100,000 constituents, with some requiring more time than others, it was a hefty responsibility, and just from the standpoint of management he would go to seven members.  He said the second reason, and not necessarily the second priority reason, was that he felt it would give minority candidates a better chance, and he thought that was a significant shortcoming. Polk County not only missed gender diversity, which was presently the case, but racial diversity on the county commission as well.  He said he thought that reflected poorly on us as a county, and he thought that needed to be overcome.  He said they all knew that would be difficult to achieve through districting alone, unless they went to nine or eleven commissioners, and he didn’t think anyone would favor that suggestion, but he thought going to seven commissioners would give minority candidates an opportunity, and he said there were many good ones out there. He said he would support seven commissioners.

The Chairman said he did not know what the Commission wanted to do regarding that issue, but he wanted them to keep in mind that was more or less a straw vote, and it was not a final vote by any manner or means, but it would indicate whether they were near a two-thirds vote or not.  He said a two-thirds vote that evening would be eight members.  

Commissioner Masters said that some valid comments had been made, and he asked if some of those comments could be discussed among themselves?

The Chairman said absolutely, but it had to be in public forum. 

Commissioner Masters said that was what he meant.

The Chairman asked Mr. Spitzer if based upon what he had heard people saying if he had any comments in response to any of the issues that had been raised?

Mr. Spitzer said he wanted to make a couple of observations, and some of those were in the memos that he provided to the Commission at their last meeting.  He said he thought there was a greater likelihood even if they did stay with an at-large districting scheme to get greater diversity on the county commission, because he assumed that the Commission would want to keep the requirement for residence areas even though people might be elected on an at-large basis that they would still be required to live in residence areas so it would narrow the geographic area from which they could come from.  He said he recalled in Pinellas County a couple of years ago they had decided to go to seven county commissioners, and at least one reason was due to Commissioners  had to participate with other advisory boards, water policy boards in Pinellas County where votes were actually taken.  He said they were not just advisory groups, but votes were actually taken on behalf of Pinellas County, and they simply did not have adequate time to handle that workload, and that was one of the reasons why they decided to go with seven commissioners. 

Commissioner Masters asked Mr. Spitzer who would draw the district lines for the seven commissioners?

Mr. Spitzer said the district lines would still be drawn by the county commission, and they should be in the midst of redrawing their district lines then and they were required to do that every ten years after the census.  He said if that was to pass in 2002 there would be a transition mechanism put into the Charter or along with the ballot question itself, and it would probably be phased in beginning with the 2004 election and there would be a mechanism whereby the incumbents would probably keep the balance of their terms, but the new seats would be transitioned in.  He said the county commission was required by law, and was the body that drew the district lines.   He said as they discussed at the last meeting, they could implement a Citizen’s Advisory Committee, which makes recommendations to the county commission, and some of those could be in the form that the county commission could accept or reject.  He said they still had to be consistent with Federal and State law, but if there was an interest in “removing” the politics from the redistricting process they could have a Citizen’s Committee do that, but ultimately the county commission had to say yes or no. 

The Chairman reminded the Commission that, Charter Article 2.2 governed districting at the present time, and if it was not changed then the Charter would still govern districting.  He read Charter Article 2.2 to the Commission, and said unless they changed that language that would be what was controlling. 

Commissioner Masters said the second part of his question was that someone had made the statement that seven members were necessary because of the number of people that resided in Polk, and he asked Mr. Spitzer what his opinion was on that because he had worked with some of the other counties.  He said he had noticed that Brevard had 474,000, and they had five commissioners, and Polk County had five, and Volusia had seven, and Lee County had 417,000, and only had five commissioners, and he asked if he had any idea why they continued with five instead of increasing the number to perhaps seven?      

Mr. Spitzer said he worked with Lee County a few years prior to that and that subject didn’t come up, but   the point that he made regarding population was that the grouping of counties with a population of over the high four hundreds were generally greater than five commissioners. 

The Chairman asked if there were further questions?

Commissioner Price said her thought on that was on pure land mass, not that the population impacted it, but trying to get from Point A to Point B to try to make other meetings, did deter one sometimes in being timely and just getting there, and as the county continued to grow that might present another problem with roads and additional population.

Commissioner McLaughlin said he thought Commissioner Price had a good point regarding trying to find a model government that could be looked at regarding showing whether or not increasing from five to seven was a good idea.   He said he would like to point out that the Lakeland City Commission had actually voted to recommend to them to increase the county commission to seven, and he said he thought they did that because they were familiar with the problems of the county, and he thought they also did that because they were presently at seven and felt that number worked well.  He said he thought that the City Commission, and the government in Lakeland worked extremely well. 

The Chairman said he recalled the Polk County School Board’s Chairman, Bob Macey’s comment that with seven, if extremists were on either side that would still give a vote of five, and some sort of consensus could be reached in the middle and that was another advantage. 

Commissioner Strang said he would like to make two observations.  He said he still favored the seven, but if one was looking for a model of an efficiently run county, there was at least one county in the State of Georgia that functioned very efficiently with one county commissioner. 

Commissioner Strang said the other observation was regarding the decennial redistricting.  He said it seemed to him that each time the state legislature or the county redistricted they seemed to go out of their way to cut districts across precinct lines, and he felt it was a pity that something couldn’t be placed in the charter to encourage whomever was in charge of redistricting to try not to disturb existing precinct lines, because it drove the Supervisor of Elections crazy.

Chairman Costello said when he was on the commission the boundary line in Winter Haven ran down First Street, and that was unavoidable because of the need to balance on the one hand a fairly even distribution of population, and on the other hand to try to get city boundaries coincident with district boundaries. 

Commissioner Lindsey asked if the Commission could impose that the precincts be nested within each district, and if that was within the Commission’s purview?

Mr. Spitzer said he was not sure, and they were involved with a few different counties that were redistricting, and the data came down from the Census Bureau in census blocks, which were all different kinds of shapes, and generally speaking the Census people tried to draw blocks based upon convenient existing boundaries whether it be a water body or a road or a city block.  He said they were not equal in population, but generally speaking blocks were what the supervisors used to draw precincts, and if they redrew the commission districts in midstream, he said he thought it might be possible that a precinct could be split, and hopefully that would be done in communication with the Supervisor of Elections, but in that year especially in the urban counties, and after the Legislature finishes with redistricting, there would be renumbering of all of the voter precincts, and probably some redrawing of the voter precincts. The ones that they were drawing then had been done in communication with the Supervisor of Elections knowing that they were following block boundaries, and not necessarily precinct boundaries, and they had not expressed any problems with that because they were resigned to the fact that they were going to have to redraw precincts anyway after the Legislature got done. 

The Chairman said he would like to get back to the topic of the main motion, which was the number of commissioners, and he asked if there was further discussion on the main motion?

Commissioner Price said just as a process question, and she said she knew that the Chairman said that was sort of a straw vote issue, and for her clarification she asked if they were going to go through every one of those issues on a straw vote basis?

The Chairman said when using the term “straw vote”, it was a vote that was not final.  It was to give the Commission and the consultants an indication of where they were at that particular stage.  He said that didn’t mean that it could not be changed in the future, just like the Discussion Agenda happened to be fixed then, but that could be changed as well. 

Commissioner Price asked based on the Commission’s schedule in looking at the Adopt Final Recommendations, if that was the date where there would be no further discussion or additions or deletions? 

The Chairman said that was not entirely correct.  He said that was the final adoption prior to the public hearings, but in the course of the Public Hearings they could hear some comments, which would prompt them to review, and when they meet after the Public Hearings they would review a draft report.   He said he had checked that out early on, and if they weren’t going to be flexible with respect to Public Hearings, what would be the sense in having a Public Hearing.  He said they would be hearing from the people, and want to determine, what their input was so they could decide if they wanted to change things.  He said the first adoption would be strictly to be able to publicize something to the public, to say that this is what we have come up with.  What do you all think? 

Commissioner Price said in that train of thought how many changes were made the last time after they adopted a plan and went to Public Hearing?

The Chairman said he would refer that question to Commissioner Strang or Commissioner Masters.

Commissioner Strang said as Commissioner Masters said earlier, most of what they heard during the Public Hearings was a rehash of what they had heard earlier, and he didn’t recall that there were any real significant changes in recommendations. 

Commissioner Masters said that he would agree with that. 

Commissioner Price thanked Commissioner Strang and Commissioner Masters for their comments.

The Chairman asked if there was any additional discussion?

Commissioner Strang said he inferred from what the Chairman said earlier that the motion that was made earlier to recommend seven commissioners would require a two-thirds majority.

Chairman Costello said a two-thirds vote. 

Commissioner Strang said he thought it was a two-thirds vote to get it on the docket, but he thought a simple majority was all that was necessary in that case. 

The Chairman said no, the simple majority vote was used for items to be added to the Discussion Agenda, but in order for something to make its way to the revision/amendment it would have to have two-thirds of those present with a minimum of seven votes. 

Commissioner Strang clarified that they needed to have eight votes or two-thirds passage on that evening or the subject would be dead for the time being?

The Chairman said yes, dead for the time being, but it could be brought back.

Commissioner Strang said all right.

The Chairman said that the other option that they had would be to wait, but he was concerned about waiting because it would feed indecision and they would have many issues piling up, and they would not know what direction to go in.

The Chairman asked if there was further discussion?

Commissioner McLaughlin asked Mr. Spitzer if they voted that evening to increase the county commission members from five to seven and that was the only thing that they could agree upon, for instance, if they could not agree on the districting the default then would be that they would have seven elected at-large in their own districts?

Mr. Spitzer said that was correct. 

The Chairman said that would be the only change. 

Commissioner McLaughlin said that was right, and what he was saying was that they wouldn’t have to tie that issue with the districts, and they could just put on the ballot that they were moving the commission members from five to seven. 

Commissioner Moore Bailey called for the question.

The Chairman said rather than calling the question, which would require a two-thirds vote, because it would limit debate, he was going to hold the issue open a little longer, and he asked if that was all right with Commissioner Moore Bailey?

Commissioner Moore Bailey said that would be fine.  She said in regards to going from five to seven commissioners she did not say much earlier, and she did support going to seven whole heartedly, and for some of the very same reasons that she had heard some of the other commissioners speak.  She certainly supported moving to seven because of the growth, and in looking at some of the other counties under the Florida charter counties, she said she saw where there was a mix. She was trying to understand Commissioner McLaughlin’s question regarding single-member districts. She personally felt if they did not have single-member districts where there was a mix 3-4 or 5-2 or whatever she could assure them, and she was from northwest Lakeland, if they did not have a single-member district there would not be any minority representation on the county board.  She said they had some good candidates to run before for county office and they were very well qualified and they didn’t make it.  She said she thought the question came up when Attorney Hardaway was there, and she said she thought that Chairman Costello raised the question as to why he thought there was not a minority representative in county government or at the School Board in regards to a Superintendent.  She said that was because some people were just not ready, and going back to Commissioner Lindsey’s comments she was not going to be the one who said it, but she did not want it to be said that she was saying that someone was redneck or whatever, but if the mentality was there, and people were saying that all over the State of Florida, she felt they needed to look at that, and they needed to find out ways they could be more creative so they could be more inclusive.  She said that was her comment, and she did support some form of single-member district, and she knew that people didn’t want to think about voting for seven without knowing specifically what they were looking at, and if she was voting for seven she hoped that there was in that mix somewhere some single-member districts.

The Chairman thanked Commissioner Moore Bailey for her comments. 

Commissioner McLaughlin said he had a reply to Commissioner Moore Bailey’s comments.  He said he didn’t favor electing them on a single-member district basis.  He said, for instance, they would still have a county commissioner who would have to reside in a particular district as opposed to anywhere in the county. He would agree with her that it would be more difficult, but he thought since they were coming from specific communities he felt it did lend itself towards getting more minority participation. 

Commissioner Moore Bailey asked if she could respond?

The Chairman said if the next comment was regarding single-member districting he was going to cut it off because it was not germane to the issue and the main motion, which was increasing the county commission from five to seven members.  

The Chairman asked Commissioner Moore Bailey if she was going to talk about single-member districting?

Commissioner Moore Bailey said she wanted to make the following comment, and then she would be finished with comments on that issue.  She said she would support seven and she would support seven with single-member districts with the understanding that the person not only resides in that district, but is elected by that district.

The Chairman said that vote was strictly with respect to the number and not with respect to whether it was single-member districted or not. 

Commissioner Lindsey said he was getting back to the point that the Chairman had made earlier, and the first step in that progress was getting seven, and felt that staying at five was not going to get them any closer whether it was that year or in ten years or whenever, and the first step was to get to seven and he felt that would be a giant step.  He said he thought Polk County needed to be a leader to the larger counties, and not wait until they did something to do it, and that it was time that they be proactive instead of reactive and be bold and go with seven commissioners, and take the knuckles off about single-member districts. 

Commissioner Lindsey made a motion to amend the Charter to increase the number of county commissioners from five to seven, and Commissioner Moore Bailey seconded the motion.

The Chairman said he just wanted to clarify for those who weren’t present when they were discussing that issue that it was not a final absolute unchangeable vote, and that it was strictly an initial indication.   He asked all those in favor of moving the motion to seven to please answer aye.  He asked Ms. Swearengin to call the roll, and to record the votes.  The results were 11/1 with the ayes in the majority.  The motion carried. 

The Chairman asked the Commission take a ten minutes recess, if there were no objections.  The Commission recessed at 7:15 p.m. 

The Commission reconvened at 7:25 p.m.

The Chairman said the next item on the agenda was Districting, and he asked Mr. Spitzer to speak regarding that. 

Mr. Spitzer said they had already touched on some of the issues that evening, and they were discussed in his memo to them that was provided to them prior to their meeting the last time they met.  He said there were four or five options that were available to them given the fact they at the present time would recommend that there would be seven county commissioners, and one obviously would be to have seven county commissioners elected on an at-large basis, but required to live in specific residence areas of the county, and those areas would be required to be as nearly equal in population as is possible, and that generally meant that any one area could not be greater than five percent larger or smaller than the average district size.  He said a second option would be to have a system of three and four such as Hillsborough and Pinellas counties where there were three commissioners elected on at-large basis and four elected from so called single-member districts, with only the electors of that district being able to vote for the candidate from that district.    He said there were two slightly different nuances between those two different systems, and Pinellas did have a residency requirement for the at-large county commissioners, and they were required to live in specific residence areas of the county, and Hillsborough did not, and the at-large commissioners in Hillsborough County could reside in any particular area of the county.  He said a third option would be to have a system of five and two.  Five single-member districts, and two elected at-large.  He said that was a statutory option that was available to non-chartered counties, and Volusia County had that particular system in place.  He said the fourth option would be to have seven single-member district commissioners.  He said his quick research for the Charter Commission from a few years earlier showed that they could draw a district boundary with seven single-member districts, and they could achieve one of those seven single-member districts drawn in a fashion where they could get an African American population of thirty-eight percent.   He said a final option that he would give, although he was not sure it was something that they were considering, but that they could go to a system such as Orange County where there were six single-member district commissioners and one member of the Board of County Commissioners who was elected directly as the Chair of the County Commission with or without managerial powers.

The Chairman asked Mr. Spitzer if there were really only three choices, and they were: stay the same; go to all single-member districts; or to have a mixed system?

Mr. Spitzer said that was correct. 

The Chairman said the following were the options that they should discuss: stay where they were at the present time, which basically was the commissioners had to reside within districts, but everyone got to vote for each commissioner; all single-member districts or a combination of some single-member and some at-large.  The Chairman asked the Commission what their pleasure was?

The Chairman said they would discuss the issue first and then go to the motion. 

Commissioner Allen said that his inclination was seven at-large. 

The Chairman said so it would stay the same in a sense?

Commissioner Allen said yes. 

Commissioner Strang said he favored a mixed with either a 5-2 or 4-3, and he felt it offered something to everybody. 

Commissioner McLaughlin said he favored a mixture as well, but when he said mixture he meant residing within their districts, and then two at-large, but all of the commissioners being voted on at an at-large basis.

The Chairman said that was really a fourth option that he had not mentioned. 

Mr. Spitzer said that was true. 

The Chairman said the commissioners would not be resident bound and could live anywhere in the county, so theoretically there could be three commissioners from one district?

Mr. Spitzer said yes theoretically. 

The Chairman said that was a fourth option. 

Commissioner Masters said he would go with mixed.

Commissioner Lindsey said he would go with same, in that things stayed the way they were. 

The Chairman asked Commissioner Lindsey if his choice was the same as Jim Allen’s? 

Commissioner Lindsey said yes.

Commissioner Nunnallee said she would go with mixed.

Commissioner Stoer said she would go with mixed.

Commissioner Dukes said he would go with seven single-member districts. 

Commissioner Hunt said that she would like for things to stay the same as they presently were.

Commissioner Moore Bailey asked if they were taking a vote then?

Chairman Costello said no, it was just discussion. 

Commissioner Moore Bailey said she would like the districts to be six single-member districts to one county-wide.

Commissioner Price said that she would like to go with the mixed districts.

The Chairman said there had been a wide range of views with four different options: stay with the same  districting scheme, which was what we currently had even though the number of county commissioners would go to seven, based upon a previous vote; all single-member districts, and there was one expression to that affect, and then one would be six single-member districts, and one, which would really be in the mixed category, and he asked if there was a motion as to one of the four options?

Commissioner McLaughlin said what he was referring to when he said five and two was some people were saying the five should be elected within those particular districts, and what he was favoring was having the five live in the districts, but then having them elected on a countywide basis, and also having two extra elected on a countywide basis, and he thought that was very similar to the Lakeland framework for the Lakeland City Commission where they have five and two, with five commissioners that reside in the area and their particular precincts or districts and then two elected on at-large basis with everyone being elected on an at-large basis. 

The Chairman asked if that would not have the tendency to favor Lakeland even beyond the demographics?

Commissioner McLaughlin said that people were saying that, but he thought if they kept it as seven and they redrew the districts with the population he thought they would find that Lakeland would end up with four or close to it. 

The Chairman said with four out of the seven?

Commissioner McLaughlin said that was right, and that might favor other interested areas.  He said the Ridge and other interested areas might actually favor the five to two as opposed to just seven single-member districts. 

The Chairman asked if that answered Commissioner Moore Bailey’s question?

Commissioner Moore Bailey said yes it did.

Commissioner Dukes said on the last issue they had some discussion on why they wanted to vote the way they voted, and he said even though he said that he would like to see seven single-member districts he was flexible, and he was hoping to get some more information regarding how others were thinking.

The Chairman asked him if he received that input?

Commissioner Dukes said no. 

The Chairman said that he was in favor of a mixed system, and he worried some about all single-member districts because he was concerned about the parochial nature that might induce, and he thought they really needed to think as one county, and when there were six or seven single-member districts and the voters were strictly in one’s own backyard he thought it would be difficult to do that.  He said the Legislature was in a different mode because they had leadership groups and committees and a lot of work was done through that power structure where that same situation did not exist at the county level, but on the other hand he felt they needed to get away from the present system because he didn’t think it was fair.  He said while the mixed four to three or five to two whatever that might be because they weren’t really to that point of deciding how it would be mixed, but he did favor the mixed, and he thought it would enhance not as much as Commissioner Dukes’ suggestion would, but he thought that it would enhance somewhat the opportunities for minorities, but at the same time one would be able to get around the tendency to be excessively parochial when what was really needed was people that could see long distances for the whole county, and that was where he stood.  

He asked others who had a position on that issue to explain what their position was a little more clearly. 

Commissioner Strang said he shared the mixed idea for the same reasons that the Chairman did, and for additional reasons in that having four or five single-member districts where the candidate needed to live in that district and was elected solely from that district, and he felt the voters were more likely to know the candidates well, and they should be able to elect better people, and he thought that was one important additional consideration in the single-member district scheme, and he thought having either two or three elected at-large would apply a leavening influence on the parochialism that he referred to.

The Chairman asked if others would like to explain their positions?

Commissioner Lindsey said he thought to say that the only way that minority representation would be included was by having single-member districts was really a slap in the fact to the Brenda Reddout and the Carrie Odoms and the J.J. Corbett and the Gow Fields who all ran within their jurisdiction, and Ms. Reddout and Mr. Corbett countywide and on a citywide basis with Carrie and Gow.  He said there were opportunities, granted there had been few and far between, but the opportunities for those who were offering themselves were greater, and that was the first step in the process.  He said if they wanted to take care of potholes on their street and the playground at the end of the block then they would want single-member districts, because those were the people that were going to take care of that because they were going to see that their particular neighborhood was taken care of, because they really didn’t care what happened in Frostproof or Polk City or Lake Wales or anywhere else, and they were going to take care of fifty-one percent of those people who lived in that little fiefdom.  He said if they wanted to address the needs of a growing county, countywide and have people who have an interest countywide, then they needed to vote at-large because they needed to sell themselves at-large.  He said they needed to be aware of the issues at-large and not so narrowly focused that the broader needs of the county, weren’t seen.  He said as those people regardless of race or creed have issues that they can sell the voting population, then they would represent the voting population regardless of their background, but he felt the opportunities were being expanded and everyone was being encouraged, and everyone knew that leadership was needed as was mentioned earlier, and he thought the breath of fresh air of those who would offer themselves like the Reddout’s, Fields’, Corbett’s, and the others that were yet to come, and they would come, and they had heard from some wonderful people there in the last six months that he wished they could encourage them to run the various offices not only for the county commission, but the other constitutional offices as well, but it wasn’t going to happen over night.

Commissioner Moore Bailey said in regards to that comment she personally did not feel that she was myopic in her thinking, but she did look at other candidates who had run for countywide seats, such as Larry Hardaway, Virginia Cummings Lane, and most recently Commissioner Ann Darby, and they were not elected, and she said they were very capable people.  She said if one looked at the history of Lakeland, Cary Odoms did a good job as a commissioner and mayor; however, there were some problems with Commissioner Fields from the community.  She said as Commissioner Strang mentioned earlier, the people in the community knew the people who were representing them, and she felt the issue was larger than potholes when one was representing a specific area.  She said that most of the members of the Charter Review Commission were from Lakeland, but they were sympathetic to the needs of Haines City, Lake Alfred, Lake Wales and the entire seventeen municipalities in the county, and she felt Commissioner Lindsey’s previous comments were not a fair assessment of her personally, but she would say that she felt strongly about the single-member districts when it came to having diverse representation at the county level.

The Chairman asked if there were further comments?

Commissioner Strang said he would like to respond to what Commissioner Lindsey said.  He said he thought another consideration in single-member districts that leveled the field some as far as minority candidates were concerned, was it lessened the importance of fund raising and the ability to raise money to run a campaign, because it took less money to run a single-member district campaign than a countywide campaign.  He said that was another reason why he liked having at least some single-member districts.       

The Chairman said they did not have a motion, and with due respect to what Commissioner McLaughlin said they did have three options, and the first option was that all of the voters in the county vote for all commissioners, the second was voters vote only for commissioners in their districts, and that was all single-member districts; and the third option was all of the voters in the county vote for some of the commissioners, but for the other commissioners only the voters in their district vote for them.  Those three options were A, B, and C.   The Chairman asked if there was a motion for either A, B, or C? 

Commissioner Lindsey made a motion that all of the voters in the county would be able to vote for all commissioners, and Commissioner Allen seconded the motion. 

The Chairman asked if there was further discussion?

Commissioner Lindsey said earlier they spoke about limiting the rights of the people, and they wanted to avoid that.  He said as it stood then, they had the right to vote for five commissioners, and a single-member district would require him to vote for one, and he said he would be giving up four  options for voting that he now had, which were four opportunities to get to know, influence, discuss and understand the knowledge of the issues, and he felt he would be reducing his electorate power.

The Chairman said he thought that Commissioner Lindsey’s example was not an accurate reflection of an option, because his example said that he could only vote for one, and for the other four if the mixed motion passed.  He said at that point they did not know what the variation of the mixed system would be. 

Commissioner Lindsey said his reason for speaking in favor of his motion was it allowed him to vote for seven and he felt anything less than that would be a reduction of his voting rights then. 

Commissioner Masters said he had a question for Mr. Watts or Kurt Spitzer.  He said he personally liked the idea of voting for all of the commissioners, but he would also like to see a minority have a chance to either raise the funds or feel like they had a chance of being placed on the ballot.  He asked in their dealings with other counties that had wrestled with that issue what had been done in those areas, and was there a way to give a minority a chance of getting on the ballot other than changing the districting?

Mr. Spitzer said he would like to talk about Pinellas who recently went to seven, and it was a three and four system.  He said one of the four single-member districts was an area that encompassed all of south central St. Petersburg, which was an area that had a high African American population, and in that single-member district the African American population of that district was around twenty-seven percent and there was an African American candidate who was successful for the county commission from that district.  He said at the same time he had seen other counties such as Leon County, after a five and two system was put into place, which had an African American commissioner who was elected at-large countywide.  He said in Pinellas there was an African American commissioner who was appointed to fill a vacancy by Governor Chiles, but had been subsequently elected on a countywide basis.  He said he did not know of any other method, and perhaps Mr. Watts could offer some suggestions. 

Commissioner Lindsey said, as he understood it, there was a greater chance of minority representation the smaller the district, and if there were seven districts there would be a greater opportunity to have minority representation than if there were four single-member districts and three at-large or some other combination. 

The Chairman said that he understood the point that Commissioner Lindsey was making, and he had not spoken as to the combination that he would be for, but if there were, for instance four single-member districts, and three at-large, there would in affect be about 125,000 people per single member district.  He said he thought the City of Lakeland had approximately 75,000 people.  He said at that point, for an African American to succeed what they had to do was to be able to get a majority of 125,000, and even if all the seven districts weren’t single-member, and there were only four the opportunities for individuals would be enhanced, in addition to the other benefits. 

Commissioner Lindsey said he did not agree with that statement. 

Mr. Watts said common wisdom was that it was easier to elect minority candidates if a number of small single-member districts were had, but that conventional wisdom was based upon an assumption that minority communities were going to live together in identifiable spots, and that they were not going to disburse, and therefore lines could be drawn around those communities and concentrate minority populations in those communities.  He said just as an observation from someone who had grown up in Polk County, and that was the way that it had been.  He said he thought that a lot of what happened in the desegregation of school systems not only in the south, but across the country was based upon the assumption that the schools could handle desegregation, and the way that it was done was that everybody continued to live in the same neighborhood and people were bussed out to make proper mixtures within the school system.  He said probably in hindsight there were many people in all-racial groups who think that was not exactly a social success.  He said one grappled with the question of whether one makes the assumption that we were going to divide people and neighborhoods by ethnicity.

The Chairman said he t